The protein ratio of E-cadherin (120 kDa) to E-cadherin (30 kDa) in the tissues of metformin-treated CC (colon cancer) patients, appeared to revert to an expression similar to healthy tissues in stages 1 and 2 but not in stage 3 (Figure 8 and Figure 9a). Here, CDH1 is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.