Several studies have demonstrated that high pretherapy level (i.e., the level at the first time of diagnosis) [133,134] and increased residual levels [133,135,136,137] (especially after two induction cycles [37]) of CD34+CD38− AML cells are associated with a higher risk of relapse, shorter remission duration, and/or decreased overall survival. Here, CD34 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.