Immune alterations characteristic of PDAC patients include expansion of T and B regulatory cells, increased production of immunosuppressive cytokines, differentiation of tumor promoting inflammatory macrophages, and impairment of anti-tumor cytotoxic CD8 cells, T helper 17 cells, and B lymphocytes [36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.