GPX1 and cancer: Studies have reported that GDH1 modulates redox homeostasis in cancer cells by converting glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, a metabolite of the Krebs cycle, which in turn is converted to fumarate that binds directly to the mitochondrial glutathione peroxidase-1, a potent ROS scavenger that promotes redox homeostasis and tumor growth [47].