In addition, SAM domain and HD domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1), involved in Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) as an improper immune activation [107], is an antiviral factor that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Here, SAMHD1 is linked to Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.