Useful markers for the investigation of ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents include alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and inhibin (Table 2) [4,8,10,12,13,15,16,17,18,19]. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is ovarian neoplasm.