Moreover, beyond protein-coding genes, our analysis identified a number of non-coding transcripts, both pseudogenes and long non-coding RNAs, differentially expressed in sALS fibroblasts (SNHG28, APRG1, FLJ30679, lnc-LONRF1-2, lnc-PPIAL4G-6, LINC02104, SOX5-AS1, DNAJC9-AS1, PAX8-AS1, PSMD5-AS1, PTPRD-AS1, PWAR5, ZNF702P, RPL14P4, EIF3FP2, RAC1P7, PPIAP42, NIP7P2, PRDX2P4, KRT8P36, YTHDF2P1, SNHG14), further supporting that the disruption of RNA metabolism may play a key role in ALS pathogenesis (Supplementary Table S1). Here, PSMD5 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.