According to their reports, NLRC5 was shown to participate in vitro in modulating the biological behaviors of HCC, ccRCC, glioma and ESCC cells, such as promoting cancer cell growth, motility and migration, and played a similar role in mice lacking the functionality of an adaptive immune system [33,36,49,50,51,52,53], while NLRC5 in mice with a competent immune system evidently suppressed the growth of melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells [54,55]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRC5 and cancer.