APEX1 and esophageal cancer: Other redox molecules relevant to Barrett’s tumorigenesis were investigated: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) protein plays an important role in promoting esophageal cancer cell survival by counteracting the lethal effects of DNA damage induced by acidic bile salts [68], and Chen et al. discovered a novel crosstalk between the redox function of APE1, reflux-induced inflammation and NFκB-mediated upregulation of Notch signaling resulting in the promotion of cancer cell stem-like properties in response to reflux conditions [69].