Focusing on their role in the regulation of inflammatory processes, it is interesting to note that some of the immunomodulatory drugs approved for autoimmune diseases act partially through the induction of IFN-γ pathways [52], so it may be relevant to assess the therapeutic effect of PI-EVs in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (Additional file 4: Fig. s6). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and autoimmune disease.