In previous studies, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and exome sequencing in various populations with BPD elucidated potential genetic risk factors such as SPOCK2 encoding SPARC (osteonectin), Cwcv and Kazal like domains proteoglycan 2 and CRP encoding C-reactive protein7–12. The gene discussed is SPARC; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.