In fact, recurring charge-changing mutations (e.g., Arg to His) have been documented in the epidermal growth factor receptor, the tumor suppressor protein p53, Ras-GRP1, and β-catenin, which alters their activities in cancer cells bearing an alkaline pHi and contributes to the transformed behaviors of the cells bearing these mutations (44, 80, 81, 82). This evidence concerns the gene CYTH3 and cancer.