The 8p23.1 region is the largest known inversion site in humans (~4.5 Mbp) and captures numerous associated signals of diseases and traits,63 with the allele frequency of the inversion ranging from 60% in Africans to 20% in Asians.64 The inversion is bordered by the microcephalin (MCPH1) gene, which is involved in the development of microcephaly and predominantly affects the frontal lobes.65 Here, MCPH1 is linked to microcephaly.