PPARGC1A and diabetic kidney disease: Thereby, PGC-1α expression in the kidney is significantly downregulated in the DKD state, resulting in reduced mitochondrial production, and reduced synthesis of important proteins such as ATPase in injured mitochondria, insufficient ATP supply as well as caused impaired energy supply in the DKD, which are also important factors which aggravates structural changes and functional impairment in the kidney.[46]