ADAR and autoimmune disease: As a consequence, in nonresponder group, higher level of IFN-stimulated genes' transcription is expected, but in responder group, the opposite is true.10, 11, 12, 13, 14Several investigations claimed thatADARthat is one of important ISGs with regulatory role in IFN-β-induced downstream cascade is differentially expressed in autoimmune diseases such as MS18, 19, 20; therefore, we decided to assess ADAR changes in relation to drug responsiveness in MS patients.