Indeed, we found that RBA could stimulate extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), which is a member of the tumor-related mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family and an upstream activator of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α).28–30 HIF-1α is a key component of the hypoxia-responsive master regulator HIF-1, which enhances the expression of proteins involved in glycolysis pathways and shifts energy production mode when activated.31–33. Here, HIF1A is linked to neoplasm.