Moreover, a phase I study has shown that combining AMD3100, sorafenib (an FLT3-ITD inhibitor), and G-CSF (clettable CXCL12) resulted in an increased response rate to treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory FLT3-ITD mutant acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) 138. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and acute myeloid leukemia.