Wolframin variants are reported to result in ER stress and loss of ER function, disrupting the export of vesicle cargo proteins such as insulin.17 To date four autosomal dominant families (including one in this study) and three sporadic cases have been documented with variants in WFS1 causing isolated cataracts or other WS pathologies18–21 (table 3). The gene discussed is WFS1; the disease is Werner syndrome.