Many of the major genes related to CD, including NOD2, ATG16L1, IL23R and IRGM, are involved in immune system function27 and are induced by the presence of bacteria in the lining of the digestive tract.28 Recently, it has also been shown that store-operated calcium entry regulates immune cell function in inflammatory bowel disease.29 This is a potential link to CD contributing to exacerbation of the symptoms/time of onset as seen in the case of the affected individual (V-7; Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene IL23R and inflammatory bowel disease.