Additional testing of TYK2 inhibitors, done in collaboration with the Evans-Molina group, including agents already in an advanced state of evaluation for the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, indicates that TYK2 inhibition protects human beta cells in vitro against IFNα alone or in combination with IL-1β (Coomans de Brachène et al. 2020) and has clear beneficial effects in two models of autoimmune diabetes in mice (unpublished data). This evidence concerns the gene TYK2 and autoimmune disease.