PPARGC1A and stroke disorder: It has also been shown that upregulation of PGC-1α after stroke reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as microglia, suggesting that PGC-1α-induced mitochondrial biosynthesis not only maintains mitochondrial homeostasis but also attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in CIRI through anti-oxidative stress and inflammatory responses (Han et al., 2021).