IL10 and autoimmune disease: Yang et al. (2009) also showed that adult neural stem cells expressing IL-10 converted a hostile environment to one supportive of neurons/oligodendrocytes, which provided remyelination, and neuronal repair. This effect is even more prominent in autoimmune diseases (Klose et al., 2013). Furthermore, IL-10 also upregulates the expression of the surface adhesion molecules/chemokine receptors LFA-1, CXCR4, and CCR5, thereby enhancing adult neural stem cells migration (Guan et al., 2008).