Only those cognitively healthy individuals with abnormalities in Aβ (A +) and tau or P-tau181 (T +) showed slow cognitive decline over the next 10 years, whereas cognition in individuals without combined amyloid and tau abnormalities (A − /T − , A + /T − or A − /T +) maintained stable cognition over the same time (Fig. 2) [33]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is amyloidosis.