More importantly, we observed increased proliferation of human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116) in response to succinate treatment (Figure 4E) in the presence of an inflammatory cocktail [ICT, a mixture of TNFα (25 ng/mL), IFNγ (20 ng/mL) and LPS (1 μg/mL)], but not at the basal level, indicating that succinate fuels cellular proliferation in the inflammatory environment. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and colorectal carcinoma.