On the other hand, by analysing the transcriptome sequencing of duodenal epithelial tissue (from dataset GSE106260), we found that GSDMD and IRF1 (an IFN-γ-adjusted transcriptional regulator which was involved in apoptosis, immune response, and DNA damage response) were significantly higher in patients with CeD than in normal subjects (Fig. 7F). The gene discussed is IRF1; the disease is cranioectodermal dysplasia.