NGS analysis revealed that THD could induce ER stress response along with autophagy in CRC cells, which we have validated using western blotting and show that THD significantly up-regulates eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway, rather than ATF6 or IRE1α pathways (Fig. 2 & Supplementary Figure S4). The gene discussed is ERN1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.