GPT and hereditary elliptocytosis: Experimental HE is usually induced using hepatotoxic drugs, a hyperammonemic diet, portacaval shunts (PCSs), and bile duct ligation (BDL).31These models prompt increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and ammonia, as well as systemic inflammatory mediators.