TLR4 and colitis: Polysaccharides isolated from sporoderm-removed fragments of Ganoderma lucidum consisting of arabinose (4.19%), mannose (15.69%), glucose (78.15%), and galactose (1.97%) have been shown to mitigate colitis induced by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate by improving gut dysbiosis, increasing short-chain fatty acid production, and suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling to alleviate endotoxemia (134).