Ten studies (Cao et al., 2020, 2021; Pang et al., 2020, 2022; Shu et al., 2020; Hu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2021; Sun et al., 2022; Zhao et al., 2022) conducted multivariate analyzes of non-radiomics features, such as plasma FAM19A5, demographic and clinical characteristics, impaired sense of smell, and cognitive impairment, which provided more comprehensive integrated models. Here, TAFA5 is linked to Cognitive impairment.