Compared to the HC group, the TB group showed a significant increase in the percentages of CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-17A (p=0.020 and p<0.001, respectively), and a significant decrease in the percentages of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD14+ monocytes secreting TNF-α (p<0.001, p=0.004, and p<0.001, respectively). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is tuberculosis.