In our study, significant changes of IFN-γ production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells weren’t observed among both TB and HT group after one week’s anti-TB treatment, while significant changes of TNF-α production in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were found, suggesting that the change of TNF-α may be more sensitive than IFN-γ in the early stage of anti-TB treatment. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is tuberculosis.