Although the specific mechanisms by which TDP-43 protein, encoded by TARDBP, cause ALS is unknown, numerous studies have shown that a substantial fraction of ALS patients features abnormalities in TDP-43, whose function losses in the nucleus and gain of toxic in the cytoplasm (Kuo et al., 2014; De Conti et al., 2015). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.