In BALF, mean concentrations of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and MIP-1β were consistently higher in CH macaques compared to controls (Figure 2A), whereas no constant patterns in serum cytokine/chemokine levels were observed between the two groups, except for somewhat higher IL-6 concentration in CH animals until 12 dpi (Supplementary Figure S3), although small numbers of animals precluded statistical significance. This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and cyclic hematopoiesis.