The corelease of TGF-β, fibronectin, EGF, VEGF and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13) from KCs and HSCs leads to ECM remodelling, angiogenesis and cancer progression [98], which is augmented by the absorption of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-derived exosomes by KCs in a PDAC model [99]. This evidence concerns the gene TBCE and cancer.