Mechanistically, previous studies have shown that ZIC2 is highly expressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and promotes the proliferation and migration of ccRCC by regulating the expression of the downstream target gene Runx2 and the ZIC2/Runx2/NOLC1 signaling axis [35]. This evidence concerns the gene ZIC2 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.