Intra-articular injection of microRNA-15a ameliorates cartilage degeneration by inhibiting β1,4-GalT-I and phosphorylation of NF-κB in vivo.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The authors clarified that the miR-15a/β1,4-GalT-I axis inhibits the phosphorylation of NF-κB thereby inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation and senescence in chondrocytes to alleviate cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. Here, NFKB1 is linked to osteoarthritis.