SMAD4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In addition, it has been reported that SMAD4 mutation can be used to identify the NSCLC patients with poor survival, and SMAD4 may be a therapeutic target in NSCLC.[15] These driver mutations would include ras, EGF receptor, p53, etc.[34] In our study, we just analysis the expression of SMAD4 in NSCLC by IHC, and the genes mutations present in the NSCLC tumor samples were not included.