TNF and breast cancer: We observed significantly increased protein levels of several cytokines in tumors upon c-Myb expression, including IFNγ, TNFα, CXCL16, CCL2, etc. Previously, it has been shown that type I and type II IFNs can activate antitumorigenic macrophages and result in the activation of CD8+ T cells and a subsequent reduction of tumor growth in a breast cancer model (41).