ATOX1 and neoplasm: Researches have shown that copper can affect tumor angiogenesis by affecting HIF-1 (87); participat in tumor proliferation through the transcription factor ATOX1 (21), CCO (88) and MEK1 (89); regulate the Mediator of Cell Mobility protein (MEMO) (90), the Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) (91, 92), the copper binding enzymes LOX (93), to influence tumor spreading.