Previous research has found an association between OSSN and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, immunosuppression such as that caused by HIV/AIDS, Human papillomavirus infection, aging, chronic inflammation, tobacco use, and p53 mutations (1, 49, 60, 60) but no study has considered a role of YAP-1 in OSSN. Here, TP53 is linked to human papilloma virus infection.