In accordance with ROC curve analysis, the AUC of exosomal lncRNA RP5-977B1 in discriminating NSCLC from healthy controls and patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is 0.8899 superior to CEA (AUC of 0.7609) and CYFRA21-1 (AUC of 0.6703), and its differential efficiency for early NSCLC is better than both conventional markers. The gene discussed is CEACAM5; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.