On the other hand, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of TREX1 in AIA rats was linked to a reduction in serum DNA fragments and a significant improvement in arthritis symptoms, for example, decreases in the arthritis score and hind paw swelling index, improvement in the micro-CT analysis index, and an increase in Foxp3 cells. Here, TREX1 is linked to arthritic joint disease.