To further validate the necessity of ATG5 in protective autophagy mediated by Exo-Ts in HCC cells, we detected the levels of autophagy marker proteins (ATG5, LC3II/I, and p62) in Hep3B and Huh-7 cells by western blotting assays, while the autophagic status in HCC cells was investigated by autophagic flux assays. This evidence concerns the gene ATG5 and hepatocellular carcinoma.