As a result, there is significant phenotypic heterogeneity of TAMs within tumors105,106; while regions of the TME confer immunosuppressive or pro-tumorigenic functions to TAMs, there are regions in the tumor where anti-tumorigenic TAMs are found as well.107,108 Traditionally, anti-tumor/pro-inflammatory macrophages have a phenotype associated with expression of MHCII and CD86 and secretion of TNFα. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neoplasm.