GSDMD and acute kidney injury: The protective and anti-inflammatory effects of DSF have also been discovered in other organs, such as the inhibition of TNF-induced cell death by DSF and caspase-3-like activity in mouse liver (Zhao et al. 2000); DSF suppression of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats (Kanai et al. 2010); DSF repression of inflammation and fibrosis in rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction by inhibiting GSDMD (Zhang et al. 2021); and DSF protection by ameliorating IR-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing the caspase-11-GSDMD pathway (Cai et al. 2022).