The results revealed that the NSCLC patients who harbored EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements are associated with low objective response rates to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, which may be due to low rates of co-localized PD-L1 expression and CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (35). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.