Single-target IHC using serial sections revealed that seven RAAAD-P-LTP pathway components—Dab1, pP85αTyr607, pLIMK1Thr508, pTau, pPSD95Thr19, ApoJ and ApoE—accumulated in abnormal neurons and in proximity to NPs, were higher in MCI and sAD cases than controls, and positively correlated with histological progression or antemortem cognitive deficits (Fig 4, Ext Fig 4.1). Here, APOE is linked to Cognitive impairment.