In single cell RNA sequencing data interrogating the human kidney, homeostatic podocytes show high APOL1-mRNA expression versus other kidney cells.25,26 If podocyte-intrinsic G1-/G2-APOL1 expression was sufficient to drive the disease, the lifetime risk of APOL1-FSGS ought to be significantly higher. The gene discussed is APOL1; the disease is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.