FAP and bladder transitional cell carcinoma: To further demonstrate the effects of fibroblasts and the TGF-β1/FAP axis on migration, invasion, and EMT of BLCA cells, we collected CM from HFF cells and exogenous factor-induced HFF cells after 24 h induction with exogenous TGF-β1 and/or TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody and/or control IgG.