TNF and venous thromboembolism: In fact, a recent proteomic study showed that in patients with venous thromboembolism (both in the acute phase and in long term follow-up) FXI was associated with a number of proteins involved in inflammation, apoptosis/tumor necrosis factor-α signaling, LDL-C receptors and oxidation, protein misfolding, and extracellular matrix interactions [41].