CXCR5 and epilepsy: The above results indicated that (1) CXCR5 deficiency leads to impaired migration of late-born embryonic neurons (in utero electroporation experiments) and morphological defects during development (in vitro iPSC neurodevelopmental model); (2) the up- or down-regulation of CXCR5 leads to increased seizure activity in adult mice (as exemplified by two models of epilepsy [KA- and PTZ-induced]).