Blocking TRPV1 suppresses morphine-induced c-fos expression, reduces opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia, attenuates opiate-mediated conditioned place preference (CPP) behaviors, decreases anxiety-like behaviors after abstinence from morphine, alleviates negative emotions during withdrawal, and suppresses the motivational properties of morphine and its reinstatement or relapse54–57. This evidence concerns the gene TRPV1 and Anxiety.